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Published Sep 2026

Modern Slavery: Trafficking in Women and Girls in Pakistan

Modern Slavery: Trafficking in Women and Girls in Pakistan examines human trafficking as a form of modern slavery in Pakistan, with particular attention to women and girls. The report identifies Pakistan as a source, transit, and destination country for trafficking and highlights forced labour, domestic servitude, sexual exploitation, forced marriage, forced begging, and bonded labour. The study argues that poverty, unemployment, gender inequality, lack of awareness, and weak enforcement of anti-trafficking laws increase vulnerability to trafficking. It draws on interviews with law-enforcement agencies, government departments, NGOs, international organizations, and trafficking survivors. The report concludes that Pakistan needs better data collection, stronger law-enforcement capacity, improved coordination between institutions, and more effective implementation of existing laws.

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Executive Summary

Modern Slavery: Trafficking in Women and Girls in Pakistan examines human trafficking as a form of modern slavery in Pakistan, with particular attention to women and girls. The report identifies Pakistan as a source, transit, and destination country for trafficking and highlights forced labour, domestic servitude, sexual exploitation, forced marriage, forced begging, and bonded labour. The study argues that poverty, unemployment, gender inequality, lack of awareness, and weak enforcement of anti-trafficking laws increase vulnerability to trafficking. It draws on interviews with law-enforcement agencies, government departments, NGOs, international organizations, and trafficking survivors. The report concludes that Pakistan needs better data collection, stronger law-enforcement capacity, improved coordination between institutions, and more effective implementation of existing laws.

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