This policy paper analyzes the constitutional recognition of environmental rights in Pakistan and the significance of Article 9A. It argues that the new fundamental right provides a stronger legal basis for addressing climate change, pollution, environmental degradation, and weak enforcement, while calling for effective action by state institutions.
This policy paper analyzes the constitutional recognition of environmental rights in Pakistan and the significance of Article 9A. It argues that the new fundamental right provides a stronger legal basis for addressing climate change, pollution, environmental degradation, and weak enforcement, while calling for effective action by state institutions.
Annual Report hence captures a year of progress, resilience, and impact in our ongoing mission to create a safer, more inclusive digital landscape.
This study examines the social and economic costs of child marriage in Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). Based on research in 10 districts, it investigates how child marriage affects girls’ education, health, employment and labour-force participation, fertility, child mortality, decision-making, and exposure to domestic violence. The report shows that child marriage creates significant private and public economic costs, contributes to poverty and inequality, and reduces women’s opportunities for education and economic participation. It aims to provide evidence for policy reform and stronger measures to prevent and eliminate child marriage in Pakistan.
The document reviews Pakistan's Foreigners Act 1946 and Pakistan Citizenship Act 1951, focusing on gaps in the protection of refugees, citizenship rights, and stateless persons. It argues that Pakistani law largely divides people into citizens and foreigners without providing an adequate legal framework for refugees. It also examines birthright citizenship, citizenship through marriage, detention, deportation, and government powers, highlighting discriminatory provisions and inconsistent court interpretations.
Mansoor's report examines how the international law of occupation developed from the nineteenth century to the present. It traces the emergence of the principle that an occupying power does not acquire sovereignty over occupied territory and must generally preserve existing laws and institutions. The report highlights the Hague Regulations of 1899 and 1907 and the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 as major stages in the development of the legal framework.